Concomitant Overexpression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in HER-2–Positive on Smad4-Reduced Human Gastric Carcinomas Is Associated with a Poor Patient Outcome

Abstract

These results support the possibility that signal transduction via HER-2 and the TGF-beta/Smad system may be implicated in COX-2 expression and that the reduction of Smad4 may be, in part, of causal significance in the TGF-beta-initiated overexpression of COX-2, which is associated with a poor prognosis for patients with gastric cancer.