Early Response of Neurons and Glial Cells to Hypoxia in the Retina

Abstract

The findings of this study indicate that NO and excitotoxicity may produce damage to retina in response to hypoxia. Increased expressions of eNOS and VEGF in response to hypoxia are indicative of vasodilatation and increased permeability of retinal blood vessels. Increased phagocytosis by retinal microglial cells evidenced by increased expression of CR3 receptors may occur for the removal of hemorrhagic debris. Upregulation of MHC antigens indicates the readiness of these cells to participate in an immune response.