Chronic Ethanol Feeding Accelerates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression in a Sex‐Dependent Manner in a Mouse Model of Hepatocarcinogenesis

Abstract

These data demonstrate male mice are more susceptible to HCC incidence and progression in the setting of chronic ethanol feeding than females. Differences in markers of hepatic immune response in male mice suggest that increased TGFβ-SMAD3 signaling may enhance promotion in this model of HCC progression, effects modulated by chronic ethanol feeding.