Hyperparasitism of Puccinia violae by <i>Cladosporium uredinicola</i>

Abstract

Cladosporium uredinicola Speg. is a necrotrophic hyperparasite of the rust fungus Puccinia violae (Schum.) DC on Viola odorata L. Its hyphae penetrate urediniospores directly, but coagulation and disintegration of rust cytoplasm may occur prior to penetration. Only slight swelling of the infecting hyphal tip occurs, and penetration tubes and intracellular hyphae of C. uredinicola were seen in urediniospores.