Combined DWT-DCT Digital Image Watermarking

Ali Al‐Haj

Journal of Computer Science · 2007 · 389 citations · 17 references

Concepts

TL;DR

The rapid growth of networked multimedia systems has created an urgent need for copyright enforcement technologies, leading to the development of digital image watermarking, especially DWT‑based methods that exploit wavelets’ spatial localization, frequency spread, and multi‑resolution characteristics aligned with the human visual system. This paper proposes an imperceptible and robust watermarking algorithm that combines the Discrete Wavelet Transform and the Discrete Cosine Transform. The method embeds a watermark by first applying DWT to the image, then using DCT on selected subbands to embed the watermark data. Evaluation shows that the combined DWT‑DCT approach outperforms algorithms that rely solely on DWT, improving robustness and imperceptibility.

Abstract

The proliferation of digitized media due to the rapid growth of networked multimedia systems, has created an urgent need for copyright enforcement technologies that can protect copyright ownership of multimedia objects. Digital image watermarking is one such technology that has been developed to protect digital images from illegal manipulations. In particular, digital image watermarking algorithms which are based on the discrete wavelet transform have been widely recognized to be more prevalent than others. This is due to the wavelets' excellent spatial localization, frequency spread, and multi-resolution characteristics, which are similar to the theoretical models of the human visual system. In this paper, we describe an imperceptible and a robust combined DWT-DCT digital image watermarking algorithm. The algorithm watermarks a given digital image using a combination of the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). Performance evaluation results show that combining the two transforms improved the performance of the watermarking algorithms that are based solely on the DWT transform.

References

17