Pincer and Diamine Ru and Os Diphosphane Complexes as Efficient Catalysts for the Dehydrogenation of Alcohols to Ketones

Abstract

The ruthenium and osmium complexes [MCl(2)(diphosphane)(L)] (M=Ru, Os; L=bidentate amino ligand) and [MCl(CNN)(dppb)] (CNN=pincer ligand; dppb=1,4-bis-(diphenylphosphino)butane), containing the N−H moiety, have been found to catalyze the acceptorless dehydrogenation of alcohols in tBuOH and in the presence of KOtBu. The compounds trans-[MCl(2)(dppf)(en)] (M=Ru 7, Os 13; dppf=1,1'-bisdiphenylphosphino)ferrocene; en=ethylenediamine) display very high activity and different substrates, including cyclic and linear alcohols, are efficiently oxidized to ketones by using 0.8-0.04 mol % of catalyst. The effect of the base and the comparison of the catalytic activity of the Ru versus Os complexes are reported. The ruthenium complex 7 generally leads to a faster conversion into ketones with respect to the osmium complex 13, which displays better activity in the dehydrogenation of 5-en-3β-hydroxy steroids. The synthesis of new Ru and Os complexes [MCl(2)(PP)(L)] (PP=dppb, dppf; L=(±)-trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane,2-(aminomethyl)pyridine, and 2-aminoethanol) of trans and cis configuration is also reported.