Atmospheric Science Letters · 2011 · 168 citations · 22 references
–West African MonsoonEngineeringExtreme WeatherClimate ModelingDifferent Interannual ModesEarth System ScienceWest African MonsoonEarth ScienceBackground StateClimate ProjectionClimate ChangeClimate VariabilityHydrometeorologyMeteorologyClimate SciencesGeographyEarth's ClimateClimate DynamicsClimatologyDroughtMeteorological ForcingGlobal Climate
Abstract We review the studies carried out during the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA)‐EU on the changes of interannual sea surface temperature (SST)–West African monsoon (WAM) covariability at multidecadal timescales, together with the influence of global warming (GW). The results obtained in the AMMA‐EU suggest the importance of the background state, modulated by natural and anthropogenic variability, in the appearance of different interannual modes. The lack of reliability of current coupled models in giving a realistic assessment for WAM in the future is also stated. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
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Enhancement of Interdecadal Climate Variability in the Sahel by Vegetation Interaction
Ning Zeng, J. David Neelin, K.-M. Lau et al. · Science · 1999 · 563 citations