Review of State-Of-The-Art: Drag Forces on Submarine Pipelines and Piles Caused by Landslide or Debris Flow Impact

Abstract

Submarine landslides and debris flows are among the most destructive geohazards, economically and environmentally, for installations on the seafloor. Estimating the drag forces caused by these geohazards is an important design consideration in offshore engineering. A summary of the major methods available for estimating the drag forces on pipelines and piles caused by a mass gravity soil movement has been presented and compared with one another. The methods available are limited in terms of the application and provide a wide range of estimates. There is significant room for improvement and new research to advance the state-of-the-art.