The Group Engagement Model: Procedural Justice, Social Identity, and Cooperative Behavior

TLDR

The group engagement model extends procedural justice theories to explain how procedural justice shapes cooperation in groups, organizations, and societies. The authors hypothesize that procedures shape social identity within groups, which then influences attitudes, values, and behaviors, and that resource judgments affect outcomes indirectly through social identity. They review key insights of the model, link them to contemporary justice research, and outline implications for future procedural justice studies.

Abstract

The group engagement model expands the insights of the group-value model of procedural justice and the relational model of authority into an explanation for why procedural justice shapes cooperation in groups, organizations, and societies. It hypothesizes that procedures are important because they shape people's social identity within groups, and social identity in turn influences attitudes, values, and behaviors. The model further hypothesizes that resource judgments exercise their influence indirectly by shaping social identity. This social identity mediation hypothesis explains why people focus on procedural justice, and in particular on procedural elements related to the quality of their interpersonal treatment, because those elements carry the most social identity-relevant information. In this article, we review several key insights of the group engagement model, relate these insights to important trends in psychological research on justice, and discuss implications of the model for the future of procedural justice research.