The dispersal process of asexual propagules and the contribution to population persistence in <i>Marchantia</i> (Marchantiaceae)

Abstract

By integrating multiple experiments to quantify the effects of gemmae on metapopulation dynamics, we found that different stages of dispersal can lead to different conclusions on which sex has an advantage. Gemmae are critical for the maintenance of both sexes, the persistence of single-sex metapopulations and species, and the invasibility of clonal organisms.