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INFLUENCE OF MINOR ADDITIONS ON COLOR AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF RUTILE*
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0
References
1949
Year
Materials ScienceMaterials EngineeringCrystalline CeramicsEngineeringCeramicsCorrosionCeramic MaterialApplied PhysicsTitanium Dioxide MaterialsCeramics MaterialsTio 2ChemistryMetal-ceramic SystemsRutile LatticeTi 3+Ceramic TechnologyMicrostructure
A bstract In connection with some work on the color of minerals it was found that the presence of Ti 3+ in rutile can originate from two basically different causes. The bluish color of certain rutile preparations due to the presence of the Ti 3+ ion of Ti 2 O 3 is the result of (a) reducing conditions causing an oxygen deficiency in the rutile lattice or (b) the presence of cations having a valency higher than four. Replacing a tetravalent titanium ion by a pentavalent ion, for example, Sb 5+ , forces another titanium ion into the trivalent state in order to maintain the electroneutrality of the lattice The presence of ZrO 2 in TiO 2 makes the rutile more susceptible to certain impurities in its lattice, thus enhancing discoloration. The value of these crystal‐chemical considerations for the opacification of enamels and the dielectric properties of ceramic bodies containing rutile or rutile‐zirconia mixed crystals is pointed out.