Epidemiology and Infection · 2010 · 177 citations · 15 references
Veterinary MedicineInfectious DiseasesInfectious Disease EpidemiologyOutbreak InvestigationVirologyDisease EpidemiologyInfectious Disease Risk FactorsViral EpidemiologyViral InfectionsBats As Reservoir HostsDirect Person-to-person TransmissionIndex Case DetectionIndex Case InvestigationInformal CaregiversNipah Virus InfectionTransmission Risk AnalysisViral Outbreak Investigation
In February 2007 an outbreak of Nipah virus (NiV) encephalitis in Thakurgaon District of northwest Bangladesh affected seven people, three of whom died. All subsequent cases developed illness 7-14 days after close physical contact with the index case while he was ill. Cases were more likely than controls to have been in the same room (100% vs. 9.5%, OR undefined, P<0.001) and to have touched him (83% vs. 0%, OR undefined, P<0.001). Although the source of infection for the index case was not identified, 50% of Pteropus bats sampled from near the outbreak area 1 month after the outbreak had antibodies to NiV confirming the presence of the virus in the area. The outbreak was spread by person-to-person transmission. Risk of NiV infection in family caregivers highlights the need for infection control practices to limit transmission of potentially infectious body secretions.
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Nipah Virus-associated Encephalitis Outbreak, Siliguri, India
Mandeep Chadha, James A. Comer, Luis Lowe et al. · Emerging infectious diseases · 2006 · 626 citations · Full text