European Journal of Criminology · 2006 · 170 citations · 9 references
Social SciencesCriminologySociologyCrimePolicingViolent CrimeCrime PreventionCriminal JusticeGang Violence PreventionViolenceViolence SurveillanceGang TerritorialityStreet Violence
Levels and descriptors of violence among European street gangs are summarized from studies reported primarily under the aegis of the Eurogang Program initiated in 1997 and continuing still. European gang violence is placed in the context of its American counterpart, of European non-gang youth violence, and of the definitional and structural components of the Eurogang Program. European gangs in over a dozen countries reveal a wide pattern of violent behaviour and levels of violence that are far greater than among non-gang youth, but largely less serious than in the USA. Some of these latter differences may be attributable to the recentness of the European gang development, the lower levels of firearms availability, and lower levels of gang territoriality in Europe.
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Life in the Gang: Family, Friends, and Violence.
Malcolm W. Klein, Scott H. Decker, Barrik van Winkle · Social Forces · 1997 · 523 citations
THE CONTRIBUTION OF GANG MEMBERSHIP TO DELINQUENCY BEYOND DELINQUENT FRIENDS*
SARA R. BATTIN, Robert D. Abbott, Richard F. Catalano et al. · Criminology · 1998 · 348 citations
European street gangs and troublesome youth groups
Choice Reviews Online · 2006 · 136 citations