Protecting Biometric Templates With Sketch: Theory and Practice

Abstract

Secure storage of biometric templates has become an increasingly important issue in biometric authentication systems. We study how secure sketch, a recently proposed error-tolerant cryptographic primitive, can be applied to protect the templates. We identify several practical issues that are not addressed in the existing theoretical framework, and show the subtleties in evaluating the security of practical systems. We propose a general framework to design and analyze a secure sketch for biometric templates, and give a concrete construction for face biometrics as an example. We show that theoretical bounds have their limitations in practical schemes, and the exact security of the system often needs more careful investigations. We further discuss how to use secure sketch in the design of multifactor authentication systems that allow easy revocation of user credentials.