An expanding self-organizing neural network for the traveling salesman problem

Optimization by Simulated Annealing

Scott Kirkpatrick, C. D. Gelatt, M.P. Vecchi · Science · 1983 · 44.6K citations

Natural Sciences, Mathematics, Algorithms +10

Ant colony system: a cooperative learning approach to the traveling salesman problem

Marco Dorigo, Luca Maria Gambardella · IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation · 1997 · 8K citations

Computing, Computer Science, Algorithms +16

Combinatorial Optimization: Algorithms and Complexity.

David Johnson, Christos H. Papadimitriou, Kenneth Steiglitz · American Mathematical Monthly · 1984 · 6.1K citations

Natural Sciences, Electrical Engineering, Mathematics +16

“Neural” computation of decisions in optimization problems

J. J. Hopfield, David W. Tank · Biological Cybernetics · 1985 · 6K citations

Computing, Computer Science, Mathematics +14

An Effective Heuristic Algorithm for the Traveling-Salesman Problem

Simon Lin, Brian W. Kernighan · Operations Research · 1973 · 3.8K citations

Natural Sciences, Decision Sciences, Algorithms +10