Enhanced Ca ²⁺ Release and Na/Ca Exchange Activity in Hypertrophied Canine Ventricular Myocytes

Abstract

Enhanced Na/Ca exchange activity may improve contractile adaptation to CAVB but at the same time facilitate arrhythmias by (1) increasing the propensity to Ca(2+) overload, (2) providing more inward current leading to (nonhomogeneous) action potential prolongation, and (3) enhancing (arrhythmogenic) currents during spontaneous Ca(2+) release.