The freezing point of seawater at pressures up to 100 bars

Abstract

The freezing point of seawater has been measured in the salinity range 18‰ < S ≤ 35‰ at atmospheric pressure showing results consistently lower than Hansen's (1904) values. Our data fit the curve Tƒ = −0.036 - 0.0499S -; 0.000112S2 with a standard deviation of ±0.0025°C. This equation also stays within −0.01°C of Hansen's data in the range 9–35‰. Determinations of the change of freezing point with pressure were made for three salinities in the range 27‰ < S ≤ 35‰ showing a constant slope of 7.59×10−3 °C/bar up to 100 bars independent of salinity.