Challenges and Progress in Controlling Dynamics in Gas Turbine Combustors

TLDR

Combustion dynamics affect the design of both conventional diffusion‑flame and lean premixed gas turbine combustors, with diffusion‑flame dynamics largely removable by fueling or operating adjustments, while lean premixed systems still suffer persistent dynamics only partially mitigated by empirical controls. The study aims to develop better tools and control strategies for combustion dynamics as turbopropulsion engine combustors approach the lean premixed limit to reduce emissions, cost, and improve performance. The authors are developing a combined analytical, experimental, and computational framework to understand and control combustion dynamics. Successful implementation of this framework is expected to enhance emissions, stability, and durability of both eight and industrial combustors.

Abstract

Combustion dynamics impact the design of both conventional diffusion e ame gas turbine combustors and lean premixed combustion systems. The occurrence of dynamics in diffusion e ame combustors can generally be eliminated through changes to the fueling system or operating characteristics driven primarily through empirical design know-how. Lean premixed combustors, such as industrial aeroderivative dry low-emissions combustors, have more persistent dynamics problems that are only partially ameliorated with application of empirical tools and controls. With continuing emphasis on reducing emissions and cost and increasing performance of turbopropulsion engine combustors, the design direction of e ight engines is approaching the lean premixed limit; thus, there is a need for improved tools and control strategies for combustion dynamics in these applications as well. The components of a combined analytical, experimental, and computational approach to understanding and controlling combustion dynamics are being developed. With successful implementation of such an analytical and control mechanism, further improvements in the emissions, stability, and durability characteristics of both e ight and industrial combustors will become possible.