Detection of Near-membrane Calcium Ions in Live Tissues with a Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe

Abstract

A two-photon fluorescent probe (ACaCL) that can detect near-membrane <TEX>$Ca^{2+}$</TEX> is reported. This probe can be excited by 780 nm fs pulses, shows high photostability and negligible toxicity, and can visualize near-membrane <TEX>$Ca^{2+}$</TEX> in live cells and deep inside live tissues by two-photon microscopy.