High-Mobility Group Box 1 Promotes Metalloproteinase-9 Upregulation Through Toll-Like Receptor 4 After Cerebral Ischemia

Abstract

Our results suggest that HMGB1 triggers MMP-9 upregulation in neurons and astrocytes predominantly via TLR4 after cerebral ischemia. Hence, targeting HMGB1/TLRs signaling pathway may reduce the acute inflammatory response and reduce tissue damage in cerebral ischemia.