Political Communication · 2008 · 214 citations · 22 references
Social SciencesPolitical CommunicationPolitical ScienceMass CommunicationMedia StudiesSocial MovementsActivismMass MobilizationMobilization ProcessesMovement NetworksNew MediaProtest MovementsInternet-based Political MobilizationMobilization PathwaysMobilization Through Social NetworksNetworked MobilizationNetworked ProtestOnline Activist NetworksOnline Political MobilizationOnline Protest Participation
The speed and scale of mobilization in many contemporary protest events may reflect a transformation of movement organizations toward looser ties with members, enabling broader mobilization through the mechanism of dense individual-level political networks. This analysis explores the dynamics of this communication process in the case of U.S. protests against the Iraq war in 2003. We hypothesize that individual activists closest to the various sponsoring protest organizations were (a) disproportionately likely to affiliate with diverse political networks and (b) disproportionately likely to rely on digital communication media (lists, Web sites) for various types of information and action purposes. We test this model using a sample of demonstrators drawn from the United States protest sites of New York, San Francisco, and Seattle and find support for our hypotheses.
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Bowling alone: the collapse and revival of American community
Choice Reviews Online · 2000 · 29K citations
Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community
J. L. Keddy · Spiritus · 2001 · 3.8K citations