On the transport of trapped particles in the outer magnetosphere

Abstract

From an analysis of experimental data on outer zone protons, Dungey et al. [1965] have found evidence indicating that these particles are transported by processes in which the first two adiabatic invariants are conserved. Diffusion-like transport with this property can be caused by large-scale time-dependent electric and magnetic fields in the magnetosphere. This was suggested by Kellogg [1959] and has been studied theoretically by several authors [Parker, 1960; Davis and Chang, 1962; Tverskoy, 1964; Dungey, 1965; Falthammar, 1965; Nakada and Mead, 1965]. The transport equation generally used in computing particle distributions is a one dimensional Fokker-Planck equation with transport terms and loss terms that are independent of each other [Davis and Chang, 1962; Tverskoy, 1964; Nakada and Mead, 1965].