Effect of Cobalt(II) Oxide and Manganese(IV) Oxide on Sintering of Tin(IV) Oxide

Abstract

Additions of 0. 5 to 2. 0 mol% of CoO or MnO 2 onto SnO 2 promote densification of this oxide up to 99% of theoretical density. The temperature of the maximum shrinkage rate ( T M ) and the relative density in the maximum densification rate (p*) during constant sintering heating rate depend on the dopant concentration. Thus, dopant concentration controls the densifying and nondensifying mechanisms during sintering. The densification of SnO 2 witih addition of CoO or MnO 2 is explained in terms of the creation of oxygen vacancies.