A complete translation from SPARQL into efficient SQL

Abstract

This paper presents a feature-complete translation from SPARQL, the proposed standard for RDF querying, into efficient SQL. We propose "SQL model"-based algorithms that implement each SPARQL algebra operator via SQL query augmentation, and generate a flat SQL statement for efficient processing by relational database query engines. SPARQL-to-SQL translation presented is feature-complete, since it applies to all SPARQL language features. Finally, we demonstrate the performance and scalability of our method by an extensive evaluation using recent SPARQL benchmark queries, and a benchmark dataset, as well as a real-world photo dataset.