International Journal of Medical Sciences · 2010 · 52 citations · 39 references
EngineeringBioengineeringBiomedical SciencesBiomedical ImagingDrug DeliveryMolecular ImagingCancer NanomedicineContrast AgentsMagnetic Resonance Contrast MechanismsMagnetic Resonance ImagingMagnetic Resonance Imaging PhysicsNanomedicineCancer DiagnosticsContrast Agent DesignContrast Agent SynthesisMagnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast AgentsMolecular Imaging ProbesMolecular Relaxation ProcessesProton RelaxationSignal Enhancement
Among the applications of fullerene technology in health sciences the expanding field of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of molecular processes is most challenging. Here we present the synthesis and application of a Gd(x)Sc(3-x)N@C(80)-BioShuttle-conjugate referred to as Gd-cluster@-BioShuttle, which features high proton relaxation and, in comparison to the commonly used contrast agents, high signal enhancement at very low Gd concentrations. This modularly designed contrast agent represents a new tool for improved monitoring and evaluation of interventions at the gene transcription level. Also, a widespread monitoring to track individual cells is possible, as well as sensing of microenvironments. Furthermore, BioShuttle can also deliver constructs for transfection or active pharmaceutical ingredients, and scaffolding for incorporation with the host's body. Using the Gd-cluster@-BioShuttle as MRI contrast agent allows an improved evaluation of radio- or chemotherapy treated tissues.
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A short amino acid sequence able to specify nuclear location
Daniel Kalderon, Bruce Roberts, William D. Richardson et al. · Cell · 1984 · 2.6K citations