Journal of Communication Inquiry · 2001 · 105 citations · 7 references
Social SciencesGender StudiesSociologyFeminist TheoryRhetoricWomen's StudiesFeminist CriticismFeminist MovementsFeminist Political TheorySocialist FeminismWomen's ActivismWomen's MovementsCollective Identity ChangeFemale EmpowermentFeminist ConsciousnessFeminist Rhetorical CriticismRiot GrrrlWomen's Political MobilizationWomen’s MobilizationWomen’s Political Mobilization
In the 1990s, popular discourse and feminist circles shifted toward a pro‑girl rhetoric, giving rise to movements like Riot Grrrl that distinguished activist girl power from media‑driven notions of empowerment. The article investigates how empowerment is conceptualized within feminist agency. Using political‑economic and feminist theory, the authors employ commodification to analyze pro‑girl rhetoric in popular and feminist discourses. The study finds that commodification reveals many pro‑girl rhetoric instances fail to enable girls to move beyond consumption toward collective social change.
During the 1990s, popular discourse shifted toward what some might consider “pro-girl” rhetoric. At the same time, in the academy as well as among feminist activists, women began talking about a shift in feminist consciousness. Out of this intellectual and activist form of feminism emerged one of many young feminist movements, Riot Grrrl. While this movement might have pushed for girls to be powerful, this push was very different from the idea of girl power being popularized by media. This article examines the notion of empowerment as it relates to feminist agency. Drawing from theoretical ideas in both political economy and feminism, this article uses commodification as an entry point to examine pro-girl rhetoric as it is articulated in popular and feminist discourses. As this article suggests, commodification demonstrates how not all pro-girl rhetoric offers an opportunity for girls to transcend individual consumption to enact collective change in social relations.
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