Safety and efficacy of internal transjugular approach for transvenous extraction of implantable cardioverter defibrillator leads

Abstract

Mechanical transvenous extraction of ICD leads is a complex but safe and effective procedure. A longer lead dwell-time is associated with the need for mechanical dilatation and for crossover to the internal transjugular approach; this should be considered when planning the removal procedure. Moreover, passive lead fixation and dual-coil lead design predict a more challenging extraction procedure.