Relationship satisfaction as a predictor of similarity ratings: A test of the attraction-similarity hypothesis

Abstract

The attraction-similarity hypothesis predicts that in ongoing relationships projection of the self onto the other person is the result of the attraction (e.g., satisfaction, liking, loving) between the two individuals. That is, attraction (i.e., satisfaction) leads to perceptions of similarity. Two studies tested this hypothesis in same-sex friendships. Study 1 correlated individuals’ satisfaction with an ongoing friendship with perceptions of similarity on traits and behaviors. Study 2 used a priming method to manipulate satisfaction in an ongoing friendship and then tested for perceptions of similarity. Consistent with the attraction-similarity hypothesis, the more satisfied individuals were with their friendships the more similar they perceived their friends to be to themselves. These perceptions of similarity were not predicted by the duration or closeness of the friendship. Finally, perceptions of similarity were made in a self-serving fashion. The implications for close relationships are discussed.