A Distributed Consensus-Based Cooperative Spectrum-Sensing Scheme in Cognitive Radios

TLDR

In cognitive radio (CR) networks, secondary users can cooperatively sense the spectrum to detect the presence of primary users. In this paper, we propose a fully distributed and scalable cooperative spectrum‑sensing scheme based on recent advances in consensus algorithms. The scheme enables secondary users to coordinate via local information exchange without a centralized receiver and uses consensus rather than traditional or‑ or 1‑out‑of‑N rules to decide. Simulation results show that the consensus scheme achieves significantly lower miss detection and false alarm probabilities, while also demonstrating sensitivity to primary user presence and robustness in selecting a suitable decision threshold.

Abstract

In cognitive radio (CR) networks, secondary users can cooperatively sense the spectrum to detect the presence of primary users. In this paper, we propose a fully distributed and scalable cooperative spectrum-sensing scheme based on recent advances in consensus algorithms. In the proposed scheme, the secondary users can maintain coordination based on only local information exchange without a centralized common receiver. Unlike most of the existing decision rules, such as the or-rule or the 1-out-of-N rule, we use the consensus of secondary users to make the final decision. Simulation results show that the proposed consensus scheme can have significant lower missing detection probabilities and false alarm probabilities in CR networks. It is also demonstrated that the proposed scheme not only has proven sensitivity in detecting the primary user's presence but also has robustness in choosing a desirable decision threshold.