Stabilization of a power system with a distributed generator by a Virtual Synchronous Generator function

Abstract

The power capacity of distributed generators such as photovoltaic and wind turbine is growing, many of distributed generators are connected to a grid by inverters. The inverters are controlled by a PLL (Phase Locked Loop) in order to be synchronized with power system frequency. Power system will become unstable, if the capacity of inverter-connected-type distributed generators becomes larger and larger, because inverter frequency is controlled to follow the grid frequency. The concept of "Virtual Synchronous Generator" (VSG), which is to control inverters to behave like a synchronous generator, has been proposed. VSG has virtual inertia which is realized by an energy storage device to pretend rotor's inertia. In this paper, the control scheme of VSG is investigated which is based on the swing equation of a synchronous generator. Numerical simulation results show both ride-through capability of voltage dip and enhancement ability of grid stability.