Characteristics of Multi Pumped Raman Amplifiers in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) Optical Access Networks

Abstract

Summary In the present paper, the net effective gain of multi-pumped Raman amplifiers in dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) optical access networks has been modeled and parametrically investigated over wide range of the affecting parameters, taking into account the polarization effect. The gain coefficients and the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) are calculated over the operating wavelength. Also, in the same way, we have investigated to develop a design procedure for selecting the wavelengths and associated power of multiple pumps used in Raman amplifiers to obtain the pump laser selection criteria for applications in optical DWDM access networks. Finally, we have demonstrated that the maximum optical network channels (ONCs) bit rate or capacity is achieved within increasing pumping number and decreasing pumping wavelength respectively.