A metal-free and all-organic redox flow battery with polythiophene as the electroactive species

Abstract

A metal-free and all-organic redox flow battery is proposed and investigated. It employs polythiophene microparticles dispersed in electrolyte solutions as the redox couple and does not depend on limited metal resources. It shows a high cell potential and stable charge/discharge performance with a high energy efficiency of 60.9%.