Circulating levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand/osteoprotegerin/macrophage-colony stimulating factor in a presumably healthy human population

Abstract

Age and sex affect differently the interindividual variation of OPG, RANKL and M-CSF. Our observations could form the basis for further research to establish provisional reference limits for OPG and RANKL, which are potential markers for benign and malignant processes in bone.