Optogenetic Stimulation of Adrenergic C1 Neurons Causes Sleep State–Dependent Cardiorespiratory Stimulation and Arousal with Sighs in Rats

Abstract

C1 cell stimulation reproduces most effects of acute hypoxia, specifically cardiorespiratory stimulation, sighs, and arousal. C1 cell activation likely contributes to the sleep disruption and adverse autonomic consequences of sleep apnea. During hypoxia (awake) or REM sleep, C1 cell stimulation increases BP but no longer stimulates breathing.