Some Studies on Dyeing Properties of Cotton Fabrics with<i>Crocus sativus</i>(Saffron flowers) Using an Ultrasonic Method

Abstract

Cotton fabrics were dyed with natural coloring matter extracted from Crocus sativus (saffron) using a traditional heating method and a power ultrasonic method. Factors affecting dyeing properties such as pH values, salt concentration, temperature, time in dye bath, and ultrasonic power were studied. Environmentally friendly mordants were used through pre-mordanting, post mordanting, and through simultaneous mordanting methods. The fastness properties—including light, washing, and perspiration for dyed and mordanted fabrics were assessed. Color strength (K/S) and color data [CIE lab (L∗, a∗, b∗)] were measured for dyed cotton fabrics before and after dyeing and for mordanted cotton fabric.