Complexity: A definition by construction of a conceptual framework

Abstract

Abstract This paper is concerned with the development of a transportable conceptual framework (a definition) of complexity which will contribute to its understanding in a wide variety of contexts. To achieve this, the concept of complexity is related to both systems and people. Complexity is shown to be related to systems via the number of elements and relationships, and later via non‐linearity, asymmetry and non‐holonomic constraints. Complexity is also shown to be related to people via their notions and perceptions, and interests and capabilities. The paper then ties the ideas of two‐dimensional science, hierarchy and emergence, and a new development of Weaver's three ranges of complexity, to this framework.