Detection of Breast Cancer in Nipple Aspirate Fluid by CpG Island Hypermethylation

Abstract

Promoter hypermethylation of important cancer genes is common in breast cancer and could be detected in matched aspirate DNAs from patients with ductal carcinoma in situ or stage I cancer. Promoter hypermethylation represents a promising marker, and larger studies may lead to its useful application in breast cancer diagnosis and management.