Noninvasive Cardiac Output Measurement Using Partial Carbon Dioxide Rebreathing Is Less Accurate at Settings of Reduced Minute Ventilation and when Spontaneous Breathing Is Present

Abstract

During controlled mechanical ventilation, minute ventilation rather than tidal volume affected the accuracy of cardiac output measurement using the partial carbon dioxide rebreathing technique. When spontaneous breathing is present, the carbon dioxide rebreathing technique is less accurate and increases spontaneous tidal volume and respiratory rate.