Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · 1989 · 38 citations · 14 references
NursingAnesthesiologyObstetricsPain ManagementPain MedicinePain ScienceAnalgesiaAnalgesic PharmacologyPain Management In LaborAnalgesia In ParturitionPain Management During LaborPain Relief During LaborPain Score ReductionPharmacologic AnalgesiaSterile Water For Injection
Eighty-three women experiencing low back pain in the 1st stage of labor were given intracutaneous nociceptive stimulation (INS) by means of sterile water papules injected intracutaneously over sacrum. There was instant and complete relief of the low back pain in all but 6 women, this effect lasting in many cases as long as 3 h, after which INS could be repeated. A reduction in total pain-score from 6.05 to 2.92 was seen after 1 hour with no further analgesia given, and half the women required no further analgesia during the 1st stage. The method was well tolerated and 67 of the 83 women said they would like to have INS analgesia for their next delivery. Possible mechanisms behind the analgesic effect of INS are discussed.
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Opioid and Nonopioid Mechanisms of Stress Analgesia
James W. Lewis, J. Timothy Cannon, John C. Liebeskind · Science · 1980 · 749 citations
Intrinsic Mechanisms of Pain Inhibition: Activation by Stress
Gregory W. Terman, Yehuda Shavit, James W. Lewis et al. · Science · 1984 · 529 citations
Medicine, Neuroscience, Pharmacology +17