Prognostic value of right ventricular mass, volume, and function in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

TLDR

The study examined how right ventricular structure and function predict survival in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. The authors assessed RV structure and function using cardiac magnetic resonance, right heart catheterization, and six‑minute walk tests at baseline and after one year to evaluate their predictive value for mortality. Low stroke volume, enlarged right ventricular volume, and reduced left ventricular filling were independent predictors of mortality, with worsening parameters at one year being the strongest risk factors; patients with SV index ≤25 mL/m², RVEDV index ≥84 mL/m², or LVEDV ≤40 mL/m² had markedly lower survival.

Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between right ventricular (RV) structure and function and survival in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH).In 64 patients, cardiac magnetic resonance, right heart catheterization, and the six-minute walk test (6MWT) were performed at baseline and after 1-year follow-up. RV structure and function were analysed as predictors of mortality. During a mean follow-up of 32 months, 19 patients died. A low stroke volume (SV), RV dilatation, and impaired left ventricular (LV) filling independently predicted mortality. In addition, a further decrease in SV, progressive RV dilatation, and further decrease in LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) at 1-year follow-up were the strongest predictors of mortality. According to Kaplan-Meier survival curves, survival was lower in patients with an inframedian SV index <or= 25 mL/m(2), a supramedian RV end-diastolic volume index >or= 84 mL/m(2), and an inframedian LVEDV<or=40 mL/m(2).The RV contains prognostic information in IPAH. A large RV volume, low SV, and a reduced LV volume are strong independent predictors of mortality and treatment failure.