Screening of Indonesian plant extracts for anti‐human immunodeficiency virus—type 1 (HIV‐1) activity

Abstract

Abstract Of 30 Indonesian plant extracts tested for their human immunodeficiency virus type‐1 (HIV‐1) inhibitory activities, six were shown to be effective by assays using HIV‐1‐infected MT‐4 cells: a methanol extract of mahoni (bark of Swietenia mahagoni ) and water extracts of benalu teh (stems and branches of Loranthus parasiticus ), kiules (fruit of Helicteres isora ), supratul (fruits of Sindora sumatrana ), sambiloto (leaves of Andrographis paniculata ) and temu ireng (rhizoma of Curcuma aeruginosa ). Their ED 50 values ranged from 4.2 to 175 μg/mL. The samples also suppressed the formation of syncytia in co‐cultures of MOLT‐4 and MOLT‐4/HIV‐1 cells. The most potent inhibitor was a methanol extract of mahoni, which also showed a significant inhibition of HIV‐1 protease.