SiC‐Matrix Composites: Nonbrittle Ceramics for Thermo‐Structural Application

TLDR

C/SiC and SiC/SiC composites become tough ceramics when fiber–matrix bonding is optimized, typically through a thin interphase layer. These composites are fabricated by various techniques, with nanometer‑scale design of interphase, matrix, and coating to promote microcrack deflection and improve oxidation resistance. The composites exhibit promising properties and are applicable to engines, heat shields, braking systems, and high‑temperature nuclear reactors, though further research is needed to address remaining challenges.

Abstract

C/SiC and SiC/SiC composites are tough ceramics when the fiber–matrix bonding is properly optimized, usually through a thin layer of an interfacial material referred to as the interphase. These composites can be fabricated by a variety of techniques that are briefly described and compared. The design of the interphase, matrix, and coating at the nanometer scale, in order to promote microcrack deflection and to enhance the oxidation resistance is discussed. Selected properties of the composites are presented and discussed. Examples of application in engines, heat shields, braking systems, and high‐temperature nuclear reactors are shown to illustrate the potential of these materials and the key points that still require research and development.