Safeguarding 5G wireless communication networks using physical layer security

TLDR

The fifth generation (5G) network will serve as a key enabler in meeting the continuously increasing demands for future wireless applications, including an ultra‑high data rate, an ultrawide radio coverage, an ultra‑large number of devices, and an ultra‑low latency. The article investigates physical‑layer security in 5G, aiming to identify opportunities and challenges for safeguarding data confidentiality. The study analyzes heterogeneous networks, massive MIMO, and millimeter‑wave technologies to explore how their physical‑layer properties can be leveraged for secure 5G communications. The identification of opportunities and challenges is expected to advance understanding of future physical‑layer security.

Abstract

The fifth generation (5G) network will serve as a key enabler in meeting the continuously increasing demands for future wireless applications, including an ultra-high data rate, an ultrawide radio coverage, an ultra-large number of devices, and an ultra-low latency. This article examines security, a pivotal issue in the 5G network where wireless transmissions are inherently vulnerable to security breaches. Specifically, we focus on physical layer security, which safeguards data confidentiality by exploiting the intrinsic randomness of the communications medium and reaping the benefits offered by the disruptive technologies to 5G. Among various technologies, the three most promising ones are discussed: heterogenous networks, massive multiple-input multiple-output, and millimeter wave. On the basis of the key principles of each technology, we identify the rich opportunities and the outstanding challenges that security designers must tackle. Such an identification is expected to decisively advance the understanding of future physical layer security.