Radiosurgery using a stereotactic headframe system for irradiation of brain tumors in dogs

Abstract

Radiation therapy of brain tumors in dogs typically involves administration of multiple fractions over several weeks. Fractionation is used to minimize damage to normal tissue. Radiosurgery uses multiple non-coplanar stereotactically focused beams of radiation in a series of arcs to deliver a single dose to the target with extreme accuracy. The large number of beams facilitates a high degree of conformation between the treatment area and the target tumor and allows for a steep dose gradient; the use of nonintersecting arcs minimizes exposure of normal tissue. Computed tomography with a stereotactic localizer secured to the skull allows generation of a 3-dimensional image of the target and provides accurate spatial coordinates for computerized treatment planning and delivery. Three dogs were treated with radiosurgery, using 1,000 to 1,500 cGy. A linear accelerator mounted on a rotating gantry was used to generate and deliver the radiation. Two dogs with meningiomas survived 227 and 56 weeks after radiosurgery. A dog with an oligodendroglioma survived 66 weeks. No complications were observed following the use of this technique.