Effect of Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) on Peri-implant Soft Tissue and Crestal Bone in One-Stage Implant Placement: A Randomized Controlled Trial

TLDR

Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) has been shown to enhance bone and soft‑tissue healing, yet its effectiveness for peri‑implant healing in the oral cavity remains poorly documented. This prospective randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the impact of PRF on peri‑implant soft‑tissue and crestal bone responses following one‑stage implant placement with immediate provisionalization in the maxillary anterior region. Twenty systemically healthy subjects were randomized into PRF and non‑PRF groups, each receiving 20 SLA‑AB/AE tapered threaded implants that were immediately provisionalized and evaluated clinically and radiographically at baseline, one month, and three months. At three months, implants in the PRF group exhibited significantly less marginal bone loss than controls, with no significant differences in probing depth or bleeding, indicating that PRF may serve as a beneficial adjunct in one‑stage anterior implant procedures.

Abstract

The viability of Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) on enhancement of osseous and associated tissue healing has been substantiated well in literature. However, paucity in the applicability of PRF to enhance peri-implant healing in oral region is not well-corroborated.This prospective study evaluated the effect of Platelet PRF on peri-implant tissue response following one-stage implant placement with non-functional immediate provisionalization in maxillary anterior region.A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was conducted across 20 (15 male, 5 Female) systemically healthy subjects with maintainable oral hygiene. Subjects were broadly divided into two groups i.e. Study group (PRF group) and Control group (Non-PRF group). Twenty standard SLA- AB/AE (alumina oxide blasted/acid etched surface treated) tapered threaded dental implants were randomly placed with and without PRF and immediately provisionalized. The subjects were evaluated clinically and radiographically at baseline (at time of implant placement), one month and three month post-operatively for peri-implant soft tissue and crestal bone responses.At 3 months, all implants remained osseointegrated. The mean marginal bone changes were observed from baseline to 3 months in both groups with lesser changes observed in PRF Group. No significant differences in probing depth and bleeding on probing were noted during follow-up.Within the limitations of this study, PRF could be considered as a healing biomaterial with potential beneficial effect on peri-implant tissue and can be used as a therapeutic adjuvant in clinical scenario of one stage, single tooth implant placement procedure in maxillary anterior region.