Observations of a liquid-into-liquid jet

Abstract

A jet of dyed water is directed into a large tank of water. As the flow rate is increased several successive modes of breakdown of the dyed column are observed: tiny puffs of dye near the nozzle; axisymmetric condensations well away from the nozzle; sinuous undulations of long wave length far from the nozzle; formation of foot-shaped pockets of dye; confused breakup near the nozzle with rapid spread of dye. The length of nearly rectilinear jet increases through the stages ( a ), ( b ) and ( c ). The mode ( d ) is an alternative to ( c ), occurring nearer the nozzle and leaving a shorter length of straight jet. Above a Reynolds number of about 300, only the confused breakup ( e ) is found.