Distribution of lipids in 8,500 men with coronary artery disease

TLDR

The study measured fasting lipid profiles in 8,500 community‑living men with coronary artery disease to determine the distribution of lipid abnormalities. Using National Cholesterol Education Program cut points, the authors classified 87 % of subjects as having high LDL, 38 % as low HDL, and 33 % as high triglycerides. Black men had significantly higher HDL than white men, and nearly 90 % of all men were candidates for dietary intervention while over 40 % would benefit from LDL‑lowering medication; additionally, 40 % of men without a clear medication indication had low HDL.

Abstract

In the present study we measured fasting lipid profiles in over 8,500 community-living men with coronary artery disease (CAD) to determine the distribution of lipid abnormalities in this population: 81% were white and 16% black; mean age 62.9 ± 8 years; mean total cholesterol 214 ± 41 mg/dl; low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol 140 ± 37 mg/dl; high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol 39 ± 11 mg/dl; and triglycerides 190 ± 142 mg/dl. After adjusting for age, the only significant difference between blacks and whites was a higher HDL cholesterol in blacks (45 vs 38 mg/dl, p < 0.003). With use of cut points established by the National Cholesterol Education Program, 87% or subjects had high LDL cholesterol (≥100 mg/dl), 38% had low HDL cholesterol (<35 mg/dl), and 33% had high triglycerides (>200 mg/dl). We estimated that 42% of men with CAD would be definite candidates for cholesterol-lowering medication according to the National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines and that 41% of those in whom cholesterol-lowering medication would not be definitely indicated had low levels of HDL cholesterol. We conclude that (1) black men with CAD have substantially higher HDL cholesterol than white men, (2) almost 90% of male patients with CAD are candidates for dietary intervention and >40% may need medications to lower LDL cholesterol, and (3) 40% of patients without a definite indication for cholesterol-lowering medications have low levels of HDL cholesterol.