Comparison of Aminolevulinic Acid and Hexylester Aminolevulinate Induced Protoporphyrin IX Distribution in Human Bladder Cancer

Abstract

HAL is an excellent precursor for PpIX synthesis in bladder cancer. With the 2+2 hour topical administration condition it yielded the highest PpIX fluorescence intensity and fluorescence contrast between normal and malignant urothelial cells. This approach allows us to optimize PpIX tissue distribution for photodynamic therapy in superficial bladder cancer.