Downregulation of FOXO3a Promotes Tumor Metastasis and Is Associated with Metastasis-Free Survival of Patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

Abstract

The loss of FOXO3a induced EMT of tumor cells by upregulating SNAIL1, which promoted tumor cells metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Thus, FOXO3a could be considered as an independent prognostic factor in ccRCC metastasis and could be a marker of occult metastases.