Familial aggregation ofV˙<scp>o</scp> _{2 max} response to exercise training: results from the HERITAGE Family Study

TLDR

The study tested whether differences in maximal oxygen uptake response to a standardized training program are inherited within families. 481 sedentary Caucasian adults from 98 two‑generation families underwent 20 weeks of exercise training, with VO₂max measured on a cycle ergometer before and after training. VO₂max increased on average ~400 ml/min, but variability was high; family‑level variance was 2.5× greater than individual variance, yielding a heritability estimate of 47 % and a maternal transmission of 28 %.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that individual differences in the response of maximal O 2 uptake (V˙o 2 max ) to a standardized training program are characterized by familial aggregation. A total of 481 sedentary adult Caucasians from 98 two-generation families was exercise trained for 20 wk and was tested for V˙o 2 max on a cycle ergometer twice before and twice after the training program. The mean increase inV˙o 2 max reached ∼400 ml/min, but there was considerable heterogeneity in responsiveness, with some individuals experiencing little or no gain, whereas others gained &gt;1.0 l/min. An ANOVA revealed that there was 2.5 times more variance between families than within families in theV˙o 2 max response variance. With the use of a model-fitting procedure, the most parsimonious models yielded a maximal heritability estimate of 47% for the V˙o 2 max response, which was adjusted for age and sex with a maternal transmission of 28% in one of the models. We conclude that the trainability ofV˙o 2 max is highly familial and includes a significant genetic component.